• Class: Lanthinides
• Period: 6
• IUPAC group: 3
• Traditional: IIIa

• Discovered in: 1841 by Mosander
• Origin of name: Greek: neos, (new) & didymos, (twin)
• Historical or alternate name:

Monazite & bastnasite are the chief commercial sources

Silvery white metal. Tarnishes in air; reacts slowly in cold water, more rapidly as heated.

• Atmosphere: ~0.0 ppm
• Primitive mantle: 1.067 ppm
• Sea water: 3e-6 ppm
• Metallic meteorite: 0.462 ppm
• ConTinental crust: 16.0 ppm
• Solar photosphere: 1.23 log of abundance
• Oceanic crust: 10.0 ppm
• Solar system: 0.836 relative to Si=1.0e6

   Hazards

Metal ignites and burns readily. Compounds moderately toxic by ingestion..

• Lower:
• Upper:

Neodymium Physical Properties

 Transitional Data

• State: Solid
• Density: 7.604 g/cm3

 Molar enthalpy

• Atomization: 328.57 kJ mol-1
• Fusion: 7.113 kJ mol-1
• Vaporization: 328 kJ mol-1

 Transition points

• MelTing point: 1297.0 K
• Boiling point: 3300.0 K
• Critical temperature: 7900.0 K

 Molar properties

• Atomic weight: 144.24 g/mole
• Molar volume: 20.71 cm3 mol-1

 Crystal structure sequence

double-hex-close-packed <1135 K < body-centered-cubic < melTing point

 Thermodynamics

• State: solid
  • Enthalpy 0
  • Gibbs function 0
  • Entropy 71.5
  • Heat Capacity 27.45

• State: gas
  • Enthalpy 327.6
  • Gibbs function 292.4
  • Entropy 189.406
  • Heat Capacity 22.092

 Miscellaneous physical

• Electrical resistivity: 64.0 µ-ohms/cm
• Debye temperature: K
• Thermal conductivity: 16.5 W / m / K
• Coefficient of linear expansion: 6.9Coef. per K
• Mass magnetic susceptibility: 4.902e-7
• X-ray diffraction mass absorption coefficients:
• CuK: 374 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1
• MoK: 53.2 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1

Neodymium Chemical Properties

 Chemical basics:

• Oxidation states: +3
• Molecular wt: 144.24 g/mole

 Radii

• Covalent: 164 pm
• Atomic: 181.4 pm
• Van der Waals: pm

 Ions:

• ion: +3 pm 98.3

 Covalent bonds

 Effective nuclear charge

• Slater: 2.85
• Clementi: 9.31
• Froese-Fischer: 10.83

 Electronegativity

• Pauling:
• Allred-Rochow: 1.07

 Standard reactions

Neodymium Nuclear Properties

• Known 16
• Listed 9

• Known 138 - 151
• Listed 142 - 150

• % Occ.:Natural 27.13%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 12.18%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 7/2
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 23.80%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life: 2.1 E15 years
  • Decay mode: alpha,
  • Source: reactor
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 8.30%
• Mossbauer NRA: 10.8
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 7/2
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural
• Mossbauer NRA: 11.6 *
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
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• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 17.19%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
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• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life: 11.0 days
  • Decay mode: Beta-
  • Source: reactor
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 5.76%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 5.64%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• Isotope Cross-section 49±20 barns

• Absolute sensitivity: 4.11e-4 1H=1.0
• Relative sensitivity: 3.38e-3 1H=1.0
• Receptivity: 2.43 13C=1.0
• Magnetogyric ratio: -1.474e7 rad / T / s
• Quadropole moment: -0.48e-28 m2
• Frequency: 5.437 MHz
• Reference:

Neodymium Energy Properties

Electrons

• Ground state electron configuration: [Xe] 4f4 6s2
• Electron affinity: <=50 kJ mol-1
• Filling orbitals:

Spectral lines

 Ionization energies

 Atomic energy levels