• Class: Transition Metals
• Period: 5
• IUPAC group: 11
• Traditional: Ib

• Discovered in: ~ 3000 BC by
• Origin of name: Latin: argentum
• Historical or alternate name: Argentum

Native & in argentite, horn Silver, lead, Zinc, Copper & gold ores

Highly lustrous, Silvery metal. STABLE in water and Oxygen. Reacts with Sulfur compounds to form black sulfides.

• Atmosphere: ~0.0 ppm
• Primitive mantle: 0.019 ppm
• Sea water: 0.0003 ppm
• Metallic meteorite: 0.220 ppm
• Continental crust: 0.080 ppm
• Solar photosphere: 0.85 log of abundance
• Oceanic crust: 0.026 ppm
• Solar system: 0.529 relative to Si=1.0e6

   Hazards

Compounds may be irritants..

• Lower:0.01
• Upper:1.0

Silver Physical Properties

 Transitional Data

• State: Solid
• Density: 10.5 g/cm3

 Molar enthalpy

• Atomization: 284.09 kJ mol-1
• Fusion: 11.3 kJ mol-1
• Vaporization: 257.7 kJ mol-1

 Transition points

• Melting point: 1235.08 K
• Boiling point: 2485.0 K
• Critical temperature: 7480.0 K

 Molar properties

• Atomic weight: 107.8682 g/mole
• Molar volume: 10.335 cm3 mol-1

 Crystal structure sequence

face-centered-cubic

 Thermodynamics

• State: solid
  • Enthalpy 0
  • Gibbs function 0
  • Entropy 42.55
  • Heat Capacity 25.351

• State: gas
  • Enthalpy 284.55
  • Gibbs function 245.65
  • Entropy 172.997
  • Heat Capacity 20.786

 Miscellaneous physical

• Electrical resistivity: 1.59 µ-ohms/cm
• Debye temperature: 225.0 K
• Thermal conductivity: 429.0 W / m / K
• Coefficient of linear expansion: 19.0Coef. per K
• Mass magnetic susceptibility: -2.27e-9
• X-ray diffraction mass absorption coefficients:
• CuK: 218 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1
• MoK: 25.8 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1

Silver Chemical Properties

 Chemical basics:

• Oxidation states: +1 +2 +3
• Molecular wt: 107.8682 g/mole

 Radii

• Covalent: 134 pm
• Atomic: 144.0 pm
• Van der Waals: pm

 Ions:

• ion: +1 pm 115.0
• ion: +2 pm 94.0
• ion: +3 pm 75.0

 Covalent bonds

 Effective nuclear charge

• Slater: 4.20
• Clementi: 8.03
• Froese-Fischer: 11.35

 Electronegativity

• Pauling: 1.9
• Allred-Rochow: 1.42

 Standard reactions

Silver Nuclear Properties

• Known 27
• Listed 4

• Known 102 - 117
• Listed 105 - 111

• % Occ.:Natural
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life: 41.30 days
  • Decay mode: E.C., Beta-
  • Source: reactor
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 51.839%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 1/2
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural 48.161%
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 1/2
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life:
  • Decay mode:
  • Source:
• Notes

• % Occ.:Natural
• Mossbauer NRA:
• Nuclear spin/Quantum no.:
• Radioisotopes:
  • Half-life: 7.45 days
  • Decay mode: Beta-
  • Source: reactor
• Notes

• Isotope Cross-section 63.8±0.6 barns

• Absolute sensitivity: 3.43e-3 1H=1.0
• Relative sensitivity: 6.62e-5 1H=1.0
• Receptivity: 0.195 13C=1.0
• Magnetogyric ratio: -1.0828e7 rad / T / s
• Quadropole moment: m2
• Frequency: 4.046 MHz
• Reference: Ag+

Silver Energy Properties

Electrons

• Ground state electron configuration: [Kr] 4d10 5s1
• Electron affinity: 125.7 kJ mol-1
• Filling orbitals:

Spectral lines

 Ionization energies

 Atomic energy levels