Qivx Inc. Integral Scientist Periodic Table: Properties of Cobalt, Element 27, Co

Interactive Demos

Cobalt

Styles	Standard	Bayley	Extended	Octet	Electron	Quantum
ISPT
	Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Cobalt General Information
Categories Class: Transition Metals Period: 4 IUPAC group: 9 Traditional: VIII	History Discovered in: 1735 by Brandt Origin of name: German: Kobald, (a goblin or evil spirit) Historical or alternate name:
Common natural occurrences Cobaltite, smaltite, erythrite & nickel, silver, copper & Iron ores	Description Silvery-blue, lustrous, hard metal. Surfaces sTABLE in air. Reacts over time with dilute acids.
Abundances Atmosphere: ~0.0 ppm Primitive mantle: 100.0 ppm Sea water: 0.0005 ppm Metallic meteorite: 509.0 ppm Continental crust: 29.0 ppm Solar photosphere: 4.90 log of abundance Oceanic crust: 47.0 ppm Solar system: 2250.0 relative to Si=1.0e6	Hazards and Tolerances Hazards Compounds may be toxic.. Human daily limits Lower:0.01 Upper:1.0

Return to Top Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Cobalt Physical Properties

Transitional Data

State: Solid
Density: 8.9 g/cm3

Molar enthalpy

Atomization: 423.082 kJ mol-1
Fusion: 15.2 kJ mol-1
Vaporization: 382.4 kJ mol-1

Transition points

Melting point: 1768.0 K
Boiling point: 3143.0 K
Critical temperature: 5400.0 K

Molar properties

Atomic weight: 58.9332 g/mole
Molar volume: 6.712 cm3 mol-1

Crystal structure sequence

hexagonal-close-packed <661 K < face-centered-cubic < melting point

Thermodynamics

State: solid
- Enthalpy 0
- Gibbs function 0
- Entropy 30.04
- Heat Capacity 24.81

State: gas
- Enthalpy 424.7
- Gibbs function 380.3
- Entropy 179.515
- Heat Capacity 23.020

Miscellaneous physical

Electrical resistivity: 6.24 µ-ohms/cm
Debye temperature: 445.0 K
Thermal conductivity: 100.0 W / m / K
Coefficient of linear expansion: 13.1Coef. per K
Mass magnetic susceptibility: (ferro-magnetic)
X-ray diffraction mass absorption coefficients:

CuK: 313 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1
MoK: 42.5 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1

Return to Top Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Cobalt Chemical Properties

Chemical basics:

Oxidation states: +2 +3 +4
Molecular wt: 58.9332 g/mole

Radii

Covalent: 116 pm
Atomic: 125.0 pm
Van der Waals: pm

Ions:

ion: +2 pm 74.5
ion: +3 pm 61.0
ion: +4 pm 53.0

Covalent bonds

Bond:

Radius

Energy

Effective nuclear charge

Slater: 3.90
Clementi: 5.58
Froese-Fischer: 7.63

Electronegativity

Pauling: 1.9
Allred-Rochow: 1.70

Standard reactions

oxidation =>
Co+3 + e- =>
Co(OH)3 + e- =>
Co(NH3)+3 + e- =>
Co+2 + 2e- =>

reduction
Co+2
Co(OH)2 + OH-
Co(NH3)6+2
Co

potential
1.82
0.17
0.1
-0.28

Return to Top Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Cobalt Nuclear Properties
Isotopes
Number of isotopes: Known 14 Listed 5	Isotope range: Known 54 - 63 Listed 56 - 60
Nuclide 56 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 78.80 days Decay mode: E.C., Beta+ Source: Notes	Nuclide 57 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 271.00 days Decay mode: E.C., Source: Notes med
Nuclide 58 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 70.80 days Decay mode: E.C., Beta+ Source: Notes med	Nuclide 59 % Occ.:Natural 100.0% Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 7/2 Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes
Nuclide 60 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 5/0 Radioisotopes: Half-life: 5.27 years Decay mode: Beta- Source: Notes med
Thermal neutron capture Isotope Cross-section 37.5±0.2 barns
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclide: 59 Absolute sensitivity: 0.28 1H=1.0 Relative sensitivity: 0.28 1H=1.0 Receptivity: 1570 13C=1.0 Magnetogyric ratio: 6.3472e7 rad / T / s Quadropole moment: 0.40e-28 m2 Frequency: 23.614 MHz Reference: K3Co(CN)6

Return to Top Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Cobalt Energy Properties

Electrons

Ground state electron configuration: [Ar] 3d7 4s2
Electron affinity: 102 kJ mol-1
Filling orbitals:

Spectral lines

Wave length 2174.60 Relative intensity 2 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 3.5 AA (5-100) Notes:	Wave length 2286.16 Relative intensity 26 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) 0.5 Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes: II
Wave length 2309.02 Relative intensity 24 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 7 AA (10-500) Notes:	Wave length 2363.79 Relative intensity 30 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) 0.5 Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes: II
Wave length 2407.25 Relative intensity 140 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.22 AA (1-50) Notes:	Wave length 2424.93 Relative intensity 130 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 1.7 OAr Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.2 AA (1-50) Notes:
Wave length 2435.83 Relative intensity 25 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 1.4 AA (5-100) Notes:	Wave length 2521.36 Relative intensity 180 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 3 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.8 AA (3-100) Notes:
Wave length 2987.16 Relative intensity 36 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 12 AA (50-1000) Notes:	Wave length 2989.59 Relative intensity 36 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 12 AA (50-1000) Notes:
Wave length 3044.00 Relative intensity 160 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 2.3 AA (5-500) Notes:	Wave length 3405.12 Relative intensity 700 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6.2 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 3412.63 Relative intensity 140 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 5.2 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.7 AA (3-100) Notes:	Wave length 3431.58 Relative intensity 160 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 10 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 3443.64 Relative intensity 550 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 14 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:	Wave length 3453.50 Relative intensity 1300 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 1 Spark (ug/ml) 2.0 Flame emission (ug/ml) 3.4 OA; 0.8 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 3465.80 Relative intensity 320 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6.4 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 6 AA (10-1000) Notes:	Wave length 3474.02 Relative intensity 500 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 8 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 10 AA (50-1000) Notes:
Wave length 3506.32 Relative intensity 440 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:	Wave length 3512.48 Relative intensity 240 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 10 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 3526.85 Relative intensity 400 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 4 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 4 AA (10-1000) Notes:	Wave length 3873.12 Relative intensity 240 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 4121.32 Relative intensity 190 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 15 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:

Ionization energies

Ionization level
Co -> Co+
Co+ -> Co+2

Ionization potential
760.0
1646

Atomic energy levels

Orbital
ns
(n-1)d
(n-1)p

Energy
1.2310
2.2703
11.597

Return to Top Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Integral Scientist Periodic TABLE for Windows is a program for use on your workstation. This interactive web periodic TABLE is provided to allow you to preview some capabilities of the program. Many of the features of the workstation program are not available in this web TABLE and this static HTML display of element data only partially represents the dynamic display, search, and logical lookup capabilities of ISPT.
Download a full featured trial run version of ISPT to see the full scope of the program: Download Page

Our Island Home