Qivx Inc. Integral Scientist Periodic Table: Properties of Iron, Element 26, Fe

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Iron

Styles	Standard	Bayley	Extended	Octet	Electron	Quantum
ISPT
	Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Iron General Information
Categories Class: Transition Metals Period: 4 IUPAC group: 8 Traditional: VIII	History Discovered in: ~ 2500 BC by Origin of name: Latin: ferrum Historical or alternate name: Ferrum
Common natural occurrences Hematite, magnetite (black sands) & taconite	Description Lustrous, silvery, soft (when pure), metal. Exposed surfaces form red-brown oxides. Forms very strong alloys (steel). Ferromagnetic.
Abundances Atmosphere: ~0.0 ppm Primitive mantle: 62200.0 ppm Sea water: 0.01 ppm Metallic meteorite: 185100.0 ppm Continental crust: 70700.0 ppm Solar photosphere: 7.50 log of abundance Oceanic crust: 81600.0 ppm Solar system: 9.0E+5 relative to Si=1.0e6	Hazards and Tolerances Hazards Metal dust flammable. Compounds may be toxic. Possible carcinogen.. Human daily limits Lower:1.0 Upper:100.0

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Iron Physical Properties

Transitional Data

State: Solid
Density: 7.86 g/cm3

Molar enthalpy

Atomization: 413.96 kJ mol-1
Fusion: 14.9 kJ mol-1
Vaporization: 340.2 kJ mol-1

Transition points

Melting point: 1808.0 K
Boiling point: 3023.0 K
Critical temperature: 5966.0 K

Molar properties

Atomic weight: 55.847 g/mole
Molar volume: 7.137 cm3 mol-1

Crystal structure sequence

body-centered-cubic <1183 K < face-centered-cubic < 1663 K < body-centered-cubic < melting point

Thermodynamics

State: solid
- Enthalpy 0
- Gibbs function 0
- Entropy 27.28
- Heat Capacity 25.10

State: gas
- Enthalpy 416.3
- Gibbs function 370.7
- Entropy 180.490
- Heat Capacity 25.677

Miscellaneous physical

Electrical resistivity: 9.71 µ-ohms/cm
Debye temperature: 470.0 K
Thermal conductivity: 80.2 W / m / K
Coefficient of linear expansion: 11.9Coef. per K
Mass magnetic susceptibility: (ferro-magnetic)
X-ray diffraction mass absorption coefficients:

CuK: 308 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1
MoK: 38.5 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1

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Iron Chemical Properties

Chemical basics:

Oxidation states: +2 +3 +4
Molecular wt: 55.847 g/mole

Radii

Covalent: 116.5 pm
Atomic: 126.0 pm
Van der Waals: pm

Ions:

ion: +2 pm 78.0
ion: +3 pm 64.5
ion: +4 pm 58.5

Covalent bonds

Bond:

Radius

Energy

Effective nuclear charge

Slater: 3.75
Clementi: 5.43
Froese-Fischer: 7.40

Electronegativity

Pauling: 1.8
Allred-Rochow: 1.64

Standard reactions

oxidation =>
FeO4-2 + 8H+ + 3e- =>
Fe+3 + e- =>
Fe(CN)6-3 + e- =>
Fe+3 + 3e- =>
Fe+2 + 2e- =>
Fe(OH)3 + e- =>

reduction
Fe+3 + 4H2O
Fe+2
Fe(CN)6-4
Fe
Fe
Fe(OH)2 + OH-

potential
1.9
0.771
0.356
-0.04
-0.44
-0.56

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Iron Nuclear Properties
Isotopes
Number of isotopes: Known 10 Listed 8	Isotope range: Known 52 - 61 Listed 54 - 60
Nuclide 54 % Occ.:Natural 5.80% Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes	Nuclide 55 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 3/2 Radioisotopes: Half-life: 2.7 years Decay mode: E.C., Source: Notes med
Nuclide 56 % Occ.:Natural 91.72% Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes	Nuclide 57 % Occ.:Natural 2.20% Mossbauer NRA: 2.307 * Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 1/2 Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes
Nuclide 57 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: 21.870 Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes	Nuclide 58 % Occ.:Natural 0.28% Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes
Nuclide 59 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 45.1 days Decay mode: Beta- Source: Notes med	Nuclide 60 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 0.1 E6 years Decay mode: Beta- Source: Notes
Thermal neutron capture Isotope Cross-section 2.56±0.05 barns
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclide: 57 Absolute sensitivity: 7.38e-7 1H=1.0 Relative sensitivity: 3.37e-5 1H=1.0 Receptivity: 4.2e-3 13C=1.0 Magnetogyric ratio: 0.8661e7 rad / T / s Quadropole moment: m2 Frequency: 3.231 MHz Reference: Fe(CO)5

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Iron Energy Properties

Electrons

Ground state electron configuration: [Ar] 3d6 4s2
Electron affinity: 44 kJ mol-1
Filling orbitals:

Spectral lines

Wave length 2166.77 Relative intensity 15 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.7 AAr (1-100) Notes:	Wave length 2382.04 Relative intensity 60 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 0.5 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 2395.62 Relative intensity 60 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 0.5 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:	Wave length 2483.27 Relative intensity 280 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.15 AAr (1-30) Notes:
Wave length 2484.19 Relative intensity 90 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.18 AAr (1-50) Notes:	Wave length 2487.97 Relative intensity 4 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.3 AAr (1-30) Notes:
Wave length 2489.75 Relative intensity 180 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.6 AAr (3-50) Notes: d	Wave length 2490.64 Relative intensity 180 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.6 AAr (3-50) Notes: D
Wave length 2510.83 Relative intensity 90 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 1.6 AAr (5-500) Notes:	Wave length 2524.39 Relative intensity 50 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 4 AAr (10-100) Notes:
Wave length 2527.43 Relative intensity 140 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.8 AAr (5-100) Notes:	Wave length 2599.40 Relative intensity 200 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 0.2 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes: II
Wave length 2719.02 Relative intensity 260 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.5 AAr (1-100) Notes:	Wave length 2744.07 Relative intensity 30 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 4 AAr (30-400) Notes:
Wave length 3020.64 Relative intensity 280 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.2 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 0.5 AAr (5-50) Notes:	Wave length 3440.61 Relative intensity 400 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.44 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 2.4 AAr (10-500) Notes:
Wave length 3581.20 Relative intensity 600 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.8 OAn; 15 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:	Wave length 3719.95 Relative intensity 600 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 0.2 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.12 OAn; 3 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 1 AAr (5-100) Notes:
Wave length 3734.87 Relative intensity 700 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.16 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:	Wave length 3748.26 Relative intensity 140 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.23 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 4 AAr (30-1000) Notes:
Wave length 3859.91 Relative intensity 420 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 0.14 OAN; 3 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 2.1 AAr (30-500) Notes:	Wave length 3886.28 Relative intensity 180 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 6 AAr (50-1000) Notes:
Wave length 3920.26 Relative intensity 36 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 3.5 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 40 AAr (300-1000) Notes:	Wave length 3927.92 Relative intensity 70 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 10 OA Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 24 AAr (100-1000) Notes:

Ionization energies

Ionization level
Fe -> Fe+
Fe+ -> Fe+2

Ionization potential
759.3
1561

Atomic energy levels

Orbital
ns
(n-1)d
(n-1)p

Energy
1.1882
2.0981
10.662

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