Qivx Inc. Integral Scientist Periodic Table: Properties of Vanadium, Element 23, V

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Vanadium

Styles	Standard	Bayley	Extended	Octet	Electron	Quantum
ISPT
	Element Properties: General - Physical - Chemical - Nuclear - Energy

Vanadium General Information
Categories Class: Transition Metals Period: 4 IUPAC group: 5 Traditional: Va	History Discovered in: 1801 by del Rio Origin of name: Scandinavian goddess Vanadis Historical or alternate name:
Common natural occurrences Carnotite, roscoelite, vanadinite, patronite & phosphate rock	Description Soft, shiny, silvery metal. Exposed surfaces form oxide coating. Reacts with concentrated acids.
Abundances Atmosphere: ~0.0 ppm Primitive mantle: 128.0 ppm Sea water: 0.002 ppm Metallic meteorite: 56.7 ppm Continental crust: 230.0 ppm Solar photosphere: 4.02 log of abundance Oceanic crust: 250.0 ppm Solar system: 295.0 relative to Si=1.0e6	Hazards and Tolerances Hazards Flammable. Irritant. Possible carcinogen. Compounds toxic by inhalation or ingestion.. Human daily limits Lower:0.01 Upper:1.0

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Vanadium Physical Properties

Transitional Data

State: Solid
Density: 5.96 g/cm3

Molar enthalpy

Atomization: 510.95 kJ mol-1
Fusion: 17.6 kJ mol-1
Vaporization: 459.70 kJ mol-1

Transition points

Melting point: 2163.0 K
Boiling point: 3653.0 K
Critical temperature: 5930.0 K

Molar properties

Atomic weight: 50.9415 g/mole
Molar volume: 8.377 cm3 mol-1

Crystal structure sequence

body-centered-cubic

Thermodynamics

State: solid
- Enthalpy 0
- Gibbs function 0
- Entropy 28.91
- Heat Capacity 24.89

State: gas
- Enthalpy 514.21
- Gibbs function 754.43
- Entropy 182.298
- Heat Capacity 26.012

Miscellaneous physical

Electrical resistivity: 19.68 µ-ohms/cm
Debye temperature: 380.0 K
Thermal conductivity: 30.7 W / m / K
Coefficient of linear expansion: 8.2Coef. per K
Mass magnetic susceptibility: 6.28e-8
X-ray diffraction mass absorption coefficients:

CuK: 233 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1
MoK: 27.5 (µ/p)/cm2 g-1

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Vanadium Chemical Properties

Chemical basics:

Oxidation states: +2 +3 +4 +5
Molecular wt: 50.9415 g/mole

Radii

Covalent: pm
Atomic: 135.0 pm
Van der Waals: pm

Ions:

ion: +2 pm 79.0
ion: +3 pm 64.0
ion: +4 pm 58.0
ion: +5 pm 54.0

Covalent bonds

Bond:

Radius

Energy

Effective nuclear charge

Slater: 3.30
Clementi: 4.98
Froese-Fischer: 6.65

Electronegativity

Pauling: 1.6
Allred-Rochow: 1.45

Standard reactions

oxidation =>
V+2 + 2e- =>
VO2+ + 2H+ + e- =>
VO+2 + 2H+ + e- =>
V(OH)4+ + 4H+ + 5e- =>
V+3 + e- =>
V+2 + 2e- =>

reduction
V
VO+2 + H2O
V+3 + H2O
V + 4H2O
V+2
V

potential
1.2
1.00
0.337
-0.25
-0.255
-1.18

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Vanadium Nuclear Properties
Isotopes
Number of isotopes: Known 9 Listed 4	Isotope range: Known 46 - 54 Listed 48 - 51
Nuclide 48 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 16.0 days Decay mode: E.C., Beta+ Source: Notes	Nuclide 49 % Occ.:Natural Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: Radioisotopes: Half-life: 330.0 days Decay mode: E.C., Source: Notes
Nuclide 50 % Occ.:Natural 0.250% Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 6/0 Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes	Nuclide 51 % Occ.:Natural 99.750% Mossbauer NRA: Nuclear spin/Quantum no.: 7/2 Radioisotopes: Half-life: Decay mode: Source: Notes
Thermal neutron capture Isotope Cross-section 5.06±0.06 barns
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclide: 50 Absolute sensitivity: 1.33e-4 1H=1.0 Relative sensitivity: 5.55e-2 1H=1.0 Receptivity: 0.755 13C=1.0 Magnetogyric ratio: 2.6491e7 rad / T / s Quadropole moment: 0.21e-28 m2 Frequency: 9.970 MHz Reference: VOCl3

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Vanadium Energy Properties

Electrons

Ground state electron configuration: [Ar] 3d3 4s2
Electron affinity: 61 kJ mol-1
Filling orbitals:

Spectral lines

Wave length 3033.82 Relative intensity 38 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) 0.3 Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes: II	Wave length 3066.38 Relative intensity 320 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 9 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 7 NA (20-200) Notes:
Wave length 3093.11 Relative intensity 500 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) 1 Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes: II	Wave length 3183.98 Relative intensity 700 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 1 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 5 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 2 NA Notes:
Wave length 3185.40 Relative intensity 500 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 10 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 1.9 NA (5-100) Notes:	Wave length 3271.12 Relative intensity 500 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) 1 Flame emission (ug/ml) Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes: II
Wave length 3840.75 Relative intensity 280 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:	Wave length 3855.84 Relative intensity 320 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 5 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 4379.24 Relative intensity 950 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) 1 Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 3 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 9 NA Notes:	Wave length 4384.72 Relative intensity 550 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 5 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) Notes:
Wave length 4389.97 Relative intensity 380 Detection limits Arc (ug/g) Spark (ug/ml) Flame emission (ug/ml) 6 OAn Atomic absorption (ug/ml) 9 NA Notes:

Ionization energies

Ionization level
V -> V+
V+ -> V+2

Ionization potential
650
1414

Atomic energy levels

Orbital
ns
(n-1)d
(n-1)p

Energy
1.0505
1.5658
8.0010

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